Commonwealth, a free association of sovereign states comprising the United Kingdom and a number of its former dependencies who have chosen to maintain ties of friendship and practical cooperation and who acknowledge the British monarch as symbolic head of their association. Britannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia. “Commonwealth”. Encyclopedia Britannica, 25 Dec. 2024, https://www.britannica.com/topic/Commonwealth-association-of-states. Accessed 10 January 2025. Britannica article about Commonwealth…

Politics Among Nations – Hans J. Morgenthau The Twenty years’ crisis 1919-1939 E. H. Carr Hotline between White House and Kremlin Its purpose? To lessen via nearly instantaneous communication the threat of an accidental nuclear war. The need became frighteningly obvious during the Cuban Missile Crisis of October 1962. The United States had discovered that…