{"id":4881,"date":"2023-07-24T08:51:59","date_gmt":"2023-07-24T03:21:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/?p=4881"},"modified":"2023-07-24T09:06:12","modified_gmt":"2023-07-24T03:36:12","slug":"%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%9c%e0%a4%95%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%b0%e0%a4%a3%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%9a%e0%a5%87-%e0%a4%97%e0%a5%81%e0%a4%a8%e0%a5%8d%e0%a4%b9%e0%a5%87%e0%a4%97%e0%a4%be%e0%a4%b0%e0%a5%80%e0%a4%95%e0%a4%b0","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/?p=4881","title":{"rendered":"\u0930\u093e\u091c\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923\u093e\u091a\u0947 \u0917\u0941\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0917\u093e\u0930\u0940\u0915\u0930\u0923 &#8211; Criminalisation of Politics"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_82_2 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-light-blue ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">\u0905\u0928\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0923\u093f\u0915\u093e<\/p>\n<label for=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69f5333a2d3ef\" class=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-label\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\"  id=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69f5333a2d3ef\"  aria-label=\"Toggle\" \/><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/?p=4881\/#%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%9A%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A3_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%BF_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A6_I-N-D-I-A_NDA_alliance\" >\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0947\u0936\u091a\u0947 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923, \u0905\u092a\u0928\u093e \u0926\u0932, \u0938\u092e\u093e\u091c\u0935\u093e\u0926\u0940 \u092a\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091f\u0940 \u0906\u0923\u093f \u0905\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0939\u092e\u0926, I-N-D-I-A &amp; NDA alliance<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-2' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/?p=4881\/#I-N-D-I-A\" >I-N-D-I-A<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/?p=4881\/#NDA\" >NDA<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/?p=4881\/#Apna_Dal_Kamerawadi\" >Apna Dal (Kamerawadi)&nbsp;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/?p=4881\/#Apna_Dal_Soneylal\" >Apna Dal (Soneylal)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/?p=4881\/#Atiq_Ahmed\" >Atiq Ahmed<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/?p=4881\/#Early_and_personal_life\" >Early and personal life<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/?p=4881\/#Political_career\" >Political career<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/?p=4881\/#Entry_into_politics\" >Entry into politics<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/?p=4881\/#As_a_member_of_Lok_Sabha\" >As a member of Lok Sabha<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/?p=4881\/#Participation_from_prison\" >Participation from prison<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/?p=4881\/#Electoral_history\" >Electoral history<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/?p=4881\/#Criminal_cases\" >Criminal cases<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/?p=4881\/#Introduction_to_crime\" >Introduction to crime<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/?p=4881\/#Raju_Pal_murder\" >Raju Pal murder<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/?p=4881\/#SHUATS_assault_case\" >SHUATS assault case<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/?p=4881\/#Umesh_Pal_abduction_and_murder\" >Umesh Pal abduction and murder<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/?p=4881\/#Death\" >Death<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-19\" href=\"https:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/?p=4881\/#From_Loksatta_about_Atiq_Ahmed\" >From Loksatta about Atiq Ahmed<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-20\" href=\"https:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/?p=4881\/#See_also\" >See also<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%9A%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A3_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%BF_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A6_I-N-D-I-A_NDA_alliance\"><\/span>\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0947\u0936\u091a\u0947 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923, \u0905\u092a\u0928\u093e \u0926\u0932, \u0938\u092e\u093e\u091c\u0935\u093e\u0926\u0940 \u092a\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091f\u0940 \u0906\u0923\u093f \u0905\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0939\u092e\u0926, I-N-D-I-A &amp; NDA alliance<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"I-N-D-I-A\"><\/span>I-N-D-I-A<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>1. All India Trinamool Congress (TMC)<br>2. Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK)<br>3. Aam Aadmi Party (AAP)<br>4. Janata Dal (United)<br>5. INC<br>6. RJD<br>7. JMM<br>8. NCP (Sharad Pawar)<br>9. Shiv Sena (UBT)<br>10. SP<br>11. Rashtriya Lok Dal<br>12. Apna Dal (Kamerawadi)<br>13. National conference (J&amp;K)<br>14. PDP<br>15. CPI<br>16. CPI(M)<br>17. CPI(ML)<br>18. AIFB<br>19. RSP<br>20. MDMK<br>21. Viduthalai Chiruthaigal Katchi (VCK)<br>22. Kongunadu Makkal Desia Katchi (KMDK)<br>23. Manithaneya Makkal Katchi (MMK)<br>24. IUML<br>25. Kerala Congress (M)<br>26. Kerala Congress (Joseph)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"NDA\"><\/span>NDA<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th colspan=\"2\" rowspan=\"2\">Political party<\/th><th rowspan=\"2\">Flag<\/th><th rowspan=\"2\">Election symbol<\/th><th rowspan=\"2\">Leader<\/th><th colspan=\"2\">Seats<\/th><th rowspan=\"2\">Base<\/th><\/tr><tr><th><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lok_Sabha\">Lok Sabha<\/a><\/th><th><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rajya_Sabha\">Rajya Sabha<\/a><\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><th><\/th><td><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bharatiya_Janata_Party\">Bharatiya Janata Party<\/a><\/strong><br><strong>(BJP)<\/strong><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:BJP_flag.svg\"><\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Lotos_flower_symbol.svg\"><\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:National_president_of_BJP,_J_P_Nadda_(cropped).jpg\"><\/a><br><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jagat_Prakash_Nadda\">Jagat Prakash Nadda<\/a><\/strong><\/td><td>301 \/ 543<\/td><td>94 \/ 245<\/td><td rowspan=\"2\"><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_political_parties_in_India#National_parties\">National party<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><th><\/th><td><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/National_People%27s_Party_(India)\">National People&#8217;s Party<\/a><\/strong><br><strong>(NPP)<\/strong><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:NPP_Flag.jpg\"><\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Indian_Election_Symbol_Book.svg\"><\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Conrad_Sangma.png\"><\/a><br><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Conrad_Sangma\">Conrad Sangma<\/a><\/strong><\/td><td>1 \/ 543<\/td><td>1 \/ 245<\/td><\/tr><tr><th><\/th><td><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/AJSU_Party\">AJSU Party<\/a><\/strong><br><strong>(AJSUP)<\/strong><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:ANSU_Party_flag.jpg\"><\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Indian_Election_Symbol_Banana.svg\"><\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Sudesh_Kumar_Mahto_8912.JPG\"><\/a><br><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sudesh_Mahto\">Sudesh Mahto<\/a><\/strong><\/td><td>1 \/ 543<\/td><td>0 \/ 245<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jharkhand\">Jharkhand<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><th><\/th><td><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/All_India_Anna_Dravida_Munnetra_Kazhagam\">All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam<\/a><\/strong><br><strong>(AIADMK)<\/strong><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:AIADMK_Official_Flag.png\"><\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Indian_election_symbol_two_leaves.svg\"><\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:EdappadiPalaniswami.jpg\"><\/a><br><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Edappadi_K._Palaniswami\">Edappadi K. Palaniswami<\/a><\/strong><\/td><td>0 \/ 543<\/td><td>4 \/ 245<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Puducherry_(union_territory)\">Puducherry<\/a>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tamil_Nadu\">Tamil Nadu<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><th><\/th><td><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/All_India_N.R._Congress\">All India N.R. Congress<\/a><\/strong><br><strong>(AINRC)<\/strong><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:All_India_N.R._Congress.png\"><\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Indian_Election_Symbol_Jug.svg\"><\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:N_Rangaswamy.jpg\"><\/a><br><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/N._Rangasamy\">N. Rangasamy<\/a><\/strong><\/td><td>0 \/ 543<\/td><td>0 \/ 245<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Puducherry_(union_territory)\">Puducherry<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><th><\/th><td><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Apna_Dal_(Soneylal)\">Apna Dal (Soneylal)<\/a><\/strong><br><strong>(AD(S))<\/strong><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Apna_dal_Flag.svg\"><\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Indian_Election_Symbol_Cup_and_Saucer.jpg\"><\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Anupriya_patel_office.png\"><\/a><br><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Anupriya_Patel\">Anupriya Patel<\/a><\/strong><\/td><td>2 \/ 543<\/td><td>0 \/ 245<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Uttar_Pradesh\">Uttar Pradesh<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><th><\/th><td><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Asom_Gana_Parishad\">Asom Gana Parishad<\/a><\/strong><br><strong>(AGP)<\/strong><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:No_image_available.svg\"><\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Indian_Election_Symbol_Elephant.png\"><\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Minister_for_Agriculture,_Horticulture_and_Food_Processing,_Animal_Husbandry_and_Veterinary,_UDD_and_Town_%26_Country_Planning,_Assam,_Shri_Atul_Bora_calling_on_the_Union_Home_Minister_(cropped).jpg\"><\/a><br><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Atul_Bora\">Atul Bora<\/a><\/strong><\/td><td>0 \/ 543<\/td><td>1 \/ 245<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Assam\">Assam<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><th><\/th><td><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hill_State_People%27s_Democratic_Party\">Hill State People&#8217;s Democratic Party<\/a><\/strong><br><strong>(HSPDP)<\/strong><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:No_image_available.svg\"><\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Indian_Election_Symbol_Lion.svg\"><\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:KP_Pangniang_image.jpg\"><\/a><br><strong>K. P. Pangniang<\/strong><\/td><td>0 \/ 543<\/td><td>0 \/ 245<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Meghalaya\">Meghalaya<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><th><\/th><td><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hindustani_Awam_Morcha\">Hindustani Awam Morcha<\/a><\/strong><br><strong>(HAM)<\/strong><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Hindustani_Awam_Morcha_Flag.svg\"><\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Telephone.svg\"><\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Sri_Jitan_Ram_Manjhi.jpg\"><\/a><br><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jitan_Ram_Manjhi\">Jitan Ram Manjhi<\/a><\/strong><\/td><td>0 \/ 543<\/td><td>0 \/ 245<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bihar\">Bihar<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><th><\/th><td><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Indigenous_People%27s_Front_of_Tripura\">Indigenous People&#8217;s Front of Tripura<\/a><\/strong><br><strong>(IPFT)<\/strong><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Flag_green_yellow.svg\"><\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Indian_Election_symbol_Dao.svg\"><\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Prem_Kumar_Reang_image.png\"><\/a><br><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Prem_Kumar_Reang\">Prem Kumar Reang<\/a><\/strong><\/td><td>0 \/ 543<\/td><td>0 \/ 245<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tripura\">Tripura<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><th><\/th><td><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jannayak_Janta_Party\">Jannayak Janta Party<\/a><\/strong><br><strong>(JJP)<\/strong><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:No_image_available.svg\"><\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Indian_election_symbol_Key.svg\"><\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:The_MP,_Lok_Sabha,_Haryana,_Shri_Dushyant_Chautala_calling_on_the_Union_Minister_for_Railways,_Shri_Suresh_Prabhakar_Prabhu,_in_New_Delhi_on_February_03,_2016_(cropped).jpg\"><\/a><br><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dushyant_Chautala\">Dushyant Chautala<\/a><\/strong><\/td><td>0 \/ 543<\/td><td>0 \/ 245<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Haryana\">Haryana<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><th><\/th><td><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lok_Janshakti_Party_(Ram_Vilas)\">Lok Janshakti Party (Ram Vilas)<\/a><\/strong><br><strong>(LJP(RV))<\/strong><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:No_image_available.svg\"><\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Indian_Election_Symbol_Helicopter.jpg\"><\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Chirag_Paswan_Official_Portrait.jpg\"><\/a><br><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chirag_Paswan\">Chirag Paswan<\/a><\/strong><\/td><td>1 \/ 543<\/td><td>0 \/ 245<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bihar\">Bihar<\/a>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nagaland\">Nagaland<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><th><\/th><td><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Maharashtrawadi_Gomantak_Party\">Maharashtrawadi Gomantak Party<\/a><\/strong><br><strong>(MGP)<\/strong><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:No_image_available.svg\"><\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Indian_Election_Symbol_Lion.svg\"><\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Sudin_Dhavalikar_image.jpg\"><\/a><br><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sudin_Dhavalikar\">Sudin Dhavalikar<\/a><\/strong><\/td><td>0 \/ 543<\/td><td>0 \/ 245<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Goa\">Goa<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><th><\/th><td><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mizo_National_Front\">Mizo National Front<\/a><\/strong><br><strong>(MNF)<\/strong><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:No_image_available.svg\"><\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Election_Symbol_Star.svg\"><\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Zoramthanga_in_2008.jpg\"><\/a><br><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Zoramthanga\">Zoramthanga<\/a><\/strong><\/td><td>1 \/ 543<\/td><td>1 \/ 245<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mizoram\">Mizoram<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><th><\/th><td><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Naga_People%27s_Front\">Naga People&#8217;s Front<\/a><\/strong><br><strong>(NPF)<\/strong><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Flag_of_the_Naga_People%27s_Front.png\"><\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Indian_Election_Symbol_Cock.png\"><\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Kuzholuzo-Azo-Nienu_image.jpg\"><\/a><br><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/K%C3%BCzholuzo_Nien%C3%BC\">K\u00fczholuzo Nien\u00fc<\/a><\/strong><\/td><td>1 \/ 543<\/td><td>0 \/ 245<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Manipur\">Manipur<\/a>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nagaland\">Nagaland<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><th><\/th><td><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nationalist_Congress_Party_(Ajit_Pawar)\">Nationalist Congress Party (Ajit Pawar)<\/a><\/strong><br><strong>(NCP(AP))<\/strong><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Flag_of_Nationalist_Congress_Party.svg\"><\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Clock_symbol_of_NCP.png\"><\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Ajit_Pawar.jpg\"><\/a><br><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ajit_Pawar\">Ajit Pawar<\/a><\/strong><\/td><td>1 \/ 543<\/td><td>1 \/ 245<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Maharashtra\">Maharashtra<\/a>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nagaland\">Nagaland<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><th><\/th><td><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nationalist_Democratic_Progressive_Party\">Nationalist Democratic Progressive Party<\/a><\/strong><br><strong>(NDPP)<\/strong><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Partyrop.png\"><\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Indian_Election_Symbol_Crown.png\"><\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:NeiphiuRio.jpg\"><\/a><br><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Neiphiu_Rio\">Neiphiu Rio<\/a><\/strong><\/td><td>1 \/ 543<\/td><td>0 \/ 245<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nagaland\">Nagaland<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><th><\/th><td><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Shiv_Sena\">Shiv Sena<\/a><\/strong><br><strong>(SS)<\/strong><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Shiv_Sena_flag.jpg\"><\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Indian_Election_Symbol_Bow_And_Arrow.svg\"><\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Eknath_Shinde_with_PM_Narendra_Modi_Cropped.jpg\"><\/a><br><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Eknath_Shinde\">Eknath Shinde<\/a><\/strong><\/td><td>13 \/ 543<\/td><td>0 \/ 245<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Maharashtra\">Maharashtra<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><th><\/th><td><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sikkim_Krantikari_Morcha\">Sikkim Krantikari Morcha<\/a><\/strong><br><strong>(SKM)<\/strong><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Sikkim_Krantikari_Morcha_flag.png\"><\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Symbol_SKM.png\"><\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:CM_Prem_Singh_Tamamg_official_portrait.jpg\"><\/a><br><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Prem_Singh_Tamang\">Prem Singh Tamang<\/a><\/strong><\/td><td>1 \/ 543<\/td><td>0 \/ 245<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sikkim\">Sikkim<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><th><\/th><td><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_Democratic_Party_(Meghalaya)\">United Democratic Party<\/a><\/strong><br><strong>(UDP)<\/strong><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:No_image_available.svg\"><\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Indian_Election_Symbol_Drums.png\"><\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Metbah_lyngdoh_image.jpg\"><\/a><br><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Metbah_Lyngdoh\">Metbah Lyngdoh<\/a><\/strong><\/td><td>0 \/ 543<\/td><td>0 \/ 245<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Meghalaya\">Meghalaya<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><th><\/th><td><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_People%27s_Party_Liberal\">United People&#8217;s Party Liberal<\/a><\/strong><br><strong>(UPPL)<\/strong><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:No_image_available.svg\"><\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:No_image_available.svg\"><\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Pramod_Bodo.jpg\"><\/a><br><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pramod_Boro\">Pramod Boro<\/a><\/strong><\/td><td>0 \/ 543<\/td><td>1 \/ 245<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Assam\">Assam<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><th><\/th><td><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bharath_Dharma_Jana_Sena\">Bharath Dharma Jana Sena<\/a><\/strong><br><strong>(BDJS)<\/strong><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:No_image_available.svg\"><\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:No_image_available.svg\"><\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Thushar_Vellapally.png\"><\/a><br><strong>Thushar Vellappally<\/strong><\/td><td>0 \/ 543<\/td><td>0 \/ 245<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kerala\">Kerala<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><th><\/th><td><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gorkha_National_Liberation_Front\">Gorkha National Liberation Front<\/a><\/strong><br><strong>(GNLF)<\/strong><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Flag_of_Gurkhaland.svg\"><\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:No_image_available.svg\"><\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:No_image_available.svg\"><\/a><br><strong>Mann Ghising<\/strong><\/td><td>0 \/ 543<\/td><td>0 \/ 245<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/West_Bengal\">West Bengal<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><th><\/th><td><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Haryana_Lokhit_Party\">Haryana Lokhit Party<\/a><\/strong><br><strong>(HLP)<\/strong><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:No_image_available.svg\"><\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:No_image_available.svg\"><\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Gopal_Goyal_Kanda.jpg\"><\/a><br><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Gopal_Kanda\">Gopal Kanda<\/a><\/strong><\/td><td>0 \/ 543<\/td><td>0 \/ 245<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Haryana\">Haryana<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><th><\/th><td><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Indhiya_Jananayaga_Katchi\">Indhiya Jananayaga Katchi<\/a><\/strong><br><strong>(IJK)<\/strong><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:IJK_Party_Flag.jpg\"><\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:No_image_available.svg\"><\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:T_R_Pachamuthu-Milan-2009.jpg\"><\/a><br><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/T._R._Paarivendhar\">T. R. Paarivendhar<\/a><\/strong><\/td><td>0 \/ 543<\/td><td>0 \/ 245<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tamil_Nadu\">Tamil Nadu<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><th><\/th><td><strong>Inthiya Makkal Kalvi Munnetra Kazhagam<\/strong><br><strong>(IMKMK)<\/strong><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:No_image_available.svg\"><\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:No_image_available.svg\"><\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:No_image_available.svg\"><\/a><br><strong>T. Devanathan Yadav<\/strong><\/td><td>0 \/ 543<\/td><td>0 \/ 245<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tamil_Nadu\">Tamil Nadu<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><th><\/th><td><strong>Jan Surajya Shakti<\/strong><br><strong>(JSS)<\/strong><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:No_image_available.svg\"><\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:No_image_available.svg\"><\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:No_image_available.svg\"><\/a><br><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vinay_Kore\">Vinay Kore<\/a><\/strong><\/td><td>0 \/ 543<\/td><td>0 \/ 245<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Maharashtra\">Maharashtra<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><th><\/th><td><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jana_Sena_Party\">Jana Sena Party<\/a><\/strong><br><strong>(JSP)<\/strong><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Janasena_Party_Flag.png\"><\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:No_image_available.svg\"><\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:PawanKalyan.jpg\"><\/a><br><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pawan_Kalyan\">Pawan Kalyan<\/a><\/strong><\/td><td>0 \/ 543<\/td><td>0 \/ 245<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Andhra_Pradesh\">Andhra Pradesh<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><th><\/th><td><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kerala_Kamaraj_Congress\">Kerala Kamaraj Congress<\/a><\/strong><br><strong>(KKC)<\/strong><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Kerala_Kamaraj_Congress_Flag.png\"><\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:No_image_available.svg\"><\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Vishnupuram_Chandrasekharan.jpg\"><\/a><br><strong>Vishnupuram Chandrasekharan<\/strong><\/td><td>0 \/ 543<\/td><td>0 \/ 245<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kerala\">Kerala<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><th><\/th><td><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kuki_People%27s_Alliance\">Kuki People&#8217;s Alliance<\/a><\/strong><br><strong>(KPA)<\/strong><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:No_image_available.svg\"><\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:No_image_available.svg\"><\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Tongmang_Haokip_image.jpg\"><\/a><br><strong>Tongmang Haokip<\/strong><\/td><td>0 \/ 543<\/td><td>0 \/ 245<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Manipur\">Manipur<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><th><\/th><td><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/NISHAD_Party\">NISHAD Party<\/a><\/strong><br><strong>(NP)<\/strong><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:No_image_available.svg\"><\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:No_image_available.svg\"><\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Sanjay_Nishad_image.jpg\"><\/a><br><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sanjay_Nishad\">Sanjay Nishad<\/a><\/strong><\/td><td>0 \/ 543<\/td><td>0 \/ 245<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Uttar_Pradesh\">Uttar Pradesh<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><th><\/th><td><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pattali_Makkal_Katchi\">Pattali Makkal Katchi<\/a><\/strong><br><strong>(PMK)<\/strong><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Pmk_flag.jpg\"><\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:No_image_available.svg\"><\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Anbumani_Ramadoss_briefing_the_media_after_his_meeting_with_the_Health_Ministers_of_Polio_affected_states_Delhi,_UP,_Bihar,_Uttaranchal,_Jharkhand,_MP,_Haryana_and_Maharashtra,_in_New_Delhi_on_September_21,_2006.jpg\"><\/a><br><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Anbumani_Ramadoss\">Anbumani Ramadoss<\/a><\/strong><\/td><td>0 \/ 543<\/td><td>1 \/ 245<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Puducherry_(union_territory)\">Puducherry<\/a>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tamil_Nadu\">Tamil Nadu<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><th><\/th><td><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Prahar_Janshakti_Party\">Prahar Janshakti Party<\/a><\/strong><br><strong>(PJP)<\/strong><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:No_image_available.svg\"><\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:No_image_available.svg\"><\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Bachukadu.jpg\"><\/a><br><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bachchu_Kadu\">Bachchu Kadu<\/a><\/strong><\/td><td>0 \/ 543<\/td><td>0 \/ 245<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Maharashtra\">Maharashtra<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><th><\/th><td><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Puthiya_Needhi_Katchi\">Puthiya Needhi Katchi<\/a><\/strong><br><strong>(PNK)<\/strong><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:No_image_available.svg\"><\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:No_image_available.svg\"><\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:A._C._Shanmugam.jpg\"><\/a><br><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/A._C._Shanmugam\">A. C. Shanmugam<\/a><\/strong><\/td><td>0 \/ 543<\/td><td>0 \/ 245<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tamil_Nadu\">Tamil Nadu<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><th><\/th><td><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Puthiya_Tamilagam\">Puthiya Tamilagam<\/a><\/strong><br><strong>(PT)<\/strong><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Puthiya_Tamilagam_Party_Flag.jpg\"><\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:No_image_available.svg\"><\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Puthiya_Thamizhakam_Founder_and_President.jpg\"><\/a><br><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/K._Krishnasamy\">K. Krishnasamy<\/a><\/strong><\/td><td>0 \/ 543<\/td><td>0 \/ 245<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tamil_Nadu\">Tamil Nadu<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><th><\/th><td><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rashtriya_Lok_Janata_Dal\">Rashtriya Lok Janata Dal<\/a><\/strong><br><strong>(RLJD)<\/strong><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:No_image_available.svg\"><\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:No_image_available.svg\"><\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:The_Minister_of_State_for_Human_Resource_Development,_Shri_Upendra_Kushwaha_addressing_at_the_inauguration_of_the_%E2%80%9CSummer_Fiesta%E2%80%9D,_in_New_Delhi_on_May_22,_2018.JPG\"><\/a><br><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Upendra_Kushwaha\">Upendra Kushwaha<\/a><\/strong><\/td><td>0 \/ 543<\/td><td>0 \/ 245<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bihar\">Bihar<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><th><\/th><td><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rashtriya_Lok_Janshakti_Party\">Rashtriya Lok Janshakti Party<\/a><\/strong><br><strong>(RLJP)<\/strong><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:No_image_available.svg\"><\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:No_image_available.svg\"><\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Pashupati_Kumar_Paras.jpg\"><\/a><br><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pashupati_Kumar_Paras\">Pashupati Kumar Paras<\/a><\/strong><\/td><td>5 \/ 543<\/td><td>0 \/ 245<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bihar\">Bihar<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><th><\/th><td><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rashtriya_Samaj_Paksha\">Rashtriya Samaj Paksha<\/a><\/strong><br><strong>(RSP)<\/strong><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:No_image_available.svg\"><\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:No_image_available.svg\"><\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Mahadev_Jankar.jpg\"><\/a><br><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mahadev_Jankar\">Mahadev Jankar<\/a><\/strong><\/td><td>0 \/ 543<\/td><td>0 \/ 245<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Maharashtra\">Maharashtra<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><th><\/th><td><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Republican_Party_of_India_(Athawale)\">Republican Party of India (Athawale)<\/a><\/strong><br><strong>(RPI(A))<\/strong><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Flag_of_various_Republican_Parties_of_India.svg\"><\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:No_image_available.svg\"><\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:The_Minister_of_State_for_Social_Justice_%26_Empowerment,_Shri_Ramdas_Athawale_addressing_a_press_conference,_in_New_Delhi_on_November_24,_2017.jpg\"><\/a><br><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ramdas_Athawale\">Ramdas Athawale<\/a><\/strong><\/td><td>0 \/ 543<\/td><td>1 \/ 245<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Maharashtra\">Maharashtra<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><th><\/th><td><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Shiromani_Akali_Dal_(Sanyukt)\">Shiromani Akali Dal (Sanyukt)<\/a><\/strong><br><strong>(SAD(S))<\/strong><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:No_image_available.svg\"><\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:No_image_available.svg\"><\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Sukhdev_Singh_Dhindsa.jpg\"><\/a><br><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sukhdev_Singh_Dhindsa\">Sukhdev Singh Dhindsa<\/a><\/strong><\/td><td>0 \/ 543<\/td><td>0 \/ 245<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Punjab,_India\">Punjab<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><th><\/th><td><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Suheldev_Bharatiya_Samaj_Party\">Suheldev Bharatiya Samaj Party<\/a><\/strong><br><strong>(SBSP)<\/strong><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:No_image_available.svg\"><\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:No_image_available.svg\"><\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:OMPRAKASH_RAJBHAR_image.jpg\"><\/a><br><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Om_Prakash_Rajbhar\">Om Prakash Rajbhar<\/a><\/strong><\/td><td>0 \/ 543<\/td><td>0 \/ 245<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Uttar_Pradesh\">Uttar Pradesh<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><th><\/th><td><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tamil_Maanila_Congress_(Moopanar)\">Tamil Maanila Congress (Moopanar)<\/a><\/strong><br><strong>(TMC(M))<\/strong><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:No_image_available.svg\"><\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:No_image_available.svg\"><\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:GKVasan.jpg\"><\/a><br><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/G._K._Vasan\">G. K. Vasan<\/a><\/strong><\/td><td>0 \/ 543<\/td><td>1 \/ 245<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tamil_Nadu\">Tamil Nadu<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><th><\/th><td><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tamizhaga_Makkal_Munnetra_Kazhagam\">Tamizhaga Makkal Munnetra Kazhagam<\/a><\/strong><br><strong>(TMMK)<\/strong><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:No_image_available.svg\"><\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:No_image_available.svg\"><\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:No_image_available.svg\"><\/a><br><strong>B. John Pandian<\/strong><\/td><td>0 \/ 543<\/td><td>0 \/ 245<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Tamil_Nadu\">Tamil Nadu<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><th><\/th><td><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Independent_politician\">Independent<\/a><\/strong><br><strong>(IND)<\/strong><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:No_image_available.svg\"><\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:No_image_available.svg\"><\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:No_image_available.svg\"><\/a><\/td><td>3 \/ 543<\/td><td>1 \/ 245<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/N\/A\">N\/A<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><th><\/th><td><strong>Nominated<\/strong><br><strong>(NOM)<\/strong><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:No_image_available.svg\"><\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:No_image_available.svg\"><\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/File:Emblem_of_India.svg\"><\/a><\/td><td>0 \/ 543<\/td><td>5 \/ 245<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/N\/A\">N\/A<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td colspan=\"5\"><strong>TOTAL<\/strong><\/td><td>332 \/ 543<\/td><td>112 \/ 245<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/India\">India<\/a><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Apna_Dal_Kamerawadi\"><\/span><strong>Apna Dal (Kamerawadi)<\/strong>&nbsp;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Apna_Dal_(Kamerawadi)\">https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Apna_Dal_(Kamerawadi)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>is an Indian&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Political_party\">political party<\/a>&nbsp;active in the state of&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Uttar_Pradesh\">Uttar Pradesh<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Apna Dal was founded on 4 November 1995 by&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sone_Lal_Patel\">Sone Lal Patel<\/a>&nbsp;and Chaudhary Balihari Patel (Chaudhary Sahab). They had been a close associate of&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dalit\">dalit<\/a>&nbsp;leader&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kanshi_Ram\">Kanshi Ram<\/a>, and along with Ram, he had been one of the founders of the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bahujan_Samaj_Party\">Bahujan Samaj Party<\/a>&nbsp;(BSP). However, Kanshi Ram started giving great importance to his young female prot\u00e9g\u00e9e,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mayawati\">Mayawati<\/a>, to the disappointment of many other party workers who had worked very hard to build the BSP. Mayawati&#8217;s arrogant attitude was also resented by them. Matters came to a head in 1995, when for the first time ever, the BSP got the chance to head a coalition government in&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Uttar_Pradesh\">Uttar Pradesh<\/a>, and&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kanshi_Ram\">Kanshi Ram<\/a>&nbsp;chose Mayawati to be the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/List_of_Chief_Ministers_of_Uttar_Pradesh\">Chief Minister<\/a>. The government headed by Mayawati was extremely short-lived (June to October 1995), but the internal pressure which had built up in the party during this time was enough to cause many people to leave the BSP and form a new political party.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>That party was the Apna Dal, founded by Chaudhary Balihari Patel and Dr.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sone_Lal_Patel\">Sone Lal Patel<\/a>&nbsp;in November 1995, less than three weeks after the collapse of the Mayawati government. In contrast to the BSP, which had projected itself principally as the champion of the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dalit\">dalits<\/a>, the new party sought to project itself as a party of all castes and religions. To symbolize this, the flag of Apna Dal has two colours, saffron, and blue. Saffron is the colour of&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hinduism\">Hinduism<\/a>, while blue is increasingly regarded as the colour of the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dalit\">dalits<\/a>&nbsp;and Ambedkarites. The Election Commission has officially assigned &#8220;cup and saucer&#8221; as the party symbol for Apna Dal, to be used while contesting elections.<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Apna_Dal_(Kamerawadi)#cite_note-1\">[1]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Apna_Dal_Soneylal\"><\/span>Apna Dal (Soneylal)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Apna_Dal_(Soneylal)\">https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Apna_Dal_(Soneylal)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Atiq_Ahmed\"><\/span>Atiq Ahmed<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"168\" src=\"http:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/image-7.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4884\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"168\" src=\"http:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/image-8.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4885\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"259\" height=\"194\" src=\"http:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/image-9.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4886\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Atiq Ahmed<\/strong>&nbsp;(10 August 1962 \u2013 15 April 2023) was an&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Organised_crime_in_India\">Indian gangster<\/a>&nbsp;and politician.<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Atiq_Ahmed#cite_note-2\">[2]<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Atiq_Ahmed#cite_note-3\">[3]<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Atiq_Ahmed#cite_note-4\">[4]<\/a><\/sup>&nbsp;He served as a member of the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Indian_Parliament\">Indian Parliament<\/a>&nbsp;and the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Uttar_Pradesh_Legislative_Assembly\">Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly<\/a>&nbsp;from the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Samajwadi_Party\">Samajwadi Party<\/a>.<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Atiq_Ahmed#cite_note-5\">[5]<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Atiq_Ahmed#cite_note-6\">[6]<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Atiq_Ahmed#cite_note-7\">[7]<\/a><\/sup>&nbsp;Ahmed had more than 160 criminal cases registered against him and competed in several elections from jail.<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Atiq_Ahmed#cite_note-bs-8\">[8]<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Atiq_Ahmed#cite_note-9\">[9]<\/a><\/sup>&nbsp;As of March 2023, the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Uttar_Pradesh_Police\">Uttar Pradesh Police<\/a>&nbsp;had seized properties worth&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Indian_rupee\">\u20b9<\/a>11,684&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Crore\">crore<\/a>&nbsp;(US$1.5&nbsp;billion) belonging to Ahmed and his family.<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Atiq_Ahmed#cite_note-10\">[10]<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Atiq_Ahmed#cite_note-11\">[11]<\/a><\/sup>&nbsp;In 2019, he was convicted of kidnapping a witness who testified against him regarding the 2005 murder of his political rival&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Raju_Pal\">Raju Pal<\/a>.<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Atiq_Ahmed#cite_note-:0-12\">[12]<\/a><\/sup>&nbsp;Ahmed remained in jail until his assassination by three gunmen on his way to a court-mandated medical checkup on 15 April 2023.<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Atiq_Ahmed#cite_note-13\">[13]<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Atiq_Ahmed#cite_note-14\">[14]<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Atiq_Ahmed#cite_note-15\">[15]<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Atiq_Ahmed#cite_note-16\">[16]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Early_and_personal_life\"><\/span>Early and personal life<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Atiq Ahmed was born in 1962 to a poor family. His father was a&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Horse-drawn_vehicle\">horse-cart<\/a>&nbsp;driver in&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Allahabad\">Allahabad<\/a>.<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Atiq_Ahmed#cite_note-:2-17\">[17]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ahmed was married to Shaista Praveen.<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Atiq_Ahmed#cite_note-18\">[18]<\/a><\/sup>&nbsp;The couple had five sons.<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Atiq_Ahmed#cite_note-19\">[19]<\/a><\/sup>&nbsp;Ahmed&#8217;s brother&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Khalid_Azim\">Khalid Azim<\/a>&nbsp;alias Ashraf was also an ex-MLA from the Samajwadi Party.<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Atiq_Ahmed#cite_note-20\">[20]<\/a><\/sup><sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Atiq_Ahmed#cite_note-21\">[21]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Political_career\"><\/span>Political career<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Entry_into_politics\"><\/span>Entry into politics<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Ahmed entered politics in 1989 when he won a&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Member_of_the_Legislative_Assembly_(India)\">MLA<\/a>&nbsp;seat in&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Allahabad_West_Assembly_constituency\">Allahabad West<\/a>&nbsp;as an independent candidate. He retained his seat in the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1991_Uttar_Pradesh_Legislative_Assembly_election\">1991<\/a>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1993_Uttar_Pradesh_Legislative_Assembly_election\">1993 Uttar Pradesh assembly elections<\/a>, and then won the seat in 1996 as a Samajwadi Party (SP) member.<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Atiq_Ahmed#cite_note-:1-22\">[22]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"As_a_member_of_Lok_Sabha\"><\/span>As a member of Lok Sabha<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>In 1999, he left the SP and became the president of&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Apna_Dal_(Kamerawadi)\">Apna Dal (Kamerawadi)<\/a>, winning the Allahabad West seat in 2002. He rejoined the SP in 2003. In 2004, Ahmed was elected as the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Member_of_Parliament,_Lok_Sabha\">Lok Sabha Member of Parliament<\/a>&nbsp;for&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Phulpur_Lok_Sabha_constituency\">Phulpur<\/a>, after which he resigned from his MLA seat in&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Allahabad\">Allahabad<\/a>.<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Atiq_Ahmed#cite_note-:1-22\">[22]<\/a><\/sup><sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Atiq_Ahmed#cite_note-23\">[23]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In 2007, he was expelled from SP after he provided protection to men with allegations of rape in a&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Madrasa\">Madrasa<\/a>&nbsp;and the massive outcry caused by the event.<em><sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Atiq_Ahmed#cite_note-:2-17\">[17]<\/a><\/sup><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2009_Indian_general_elections\">2009 Indian general elections<\/a>, Atiq Ahmed was allowed to run for election, since he was yet to be convicted in any criminal case.<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Atiq_Ahmed#cite_note-dailyexcelsior.com-24\">[24]<\/a><\/sup>&nbsp;However, the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Samajwadi_Party\">Samajwadi Party<\/a>&nbsp;expelled him in the year 2008 and&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mayawati\">Mayawati<\/a>&nbsp;refused him a ticket under BSP.<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Atiq_Ahmed#cite_note-25\">[25]<\/a><\/sup>&nbsp;Later, he contested elections as a candidate for the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Apna_Dal\">Apna Dal<\/a>&nbsp;party in&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pratapgarh,_Uttar_Pradesh\">Pratapgarh<\/a>, only to lose the election.<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Atiq_Ahmed#cite_note-26\">[26]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Participation_from_prison\"><\/span>Participation from prison<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Ahmed contested the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2012_Uttar_Pradesh_Legislative_Assembly_election\">2012 Uttar Pradesh elections<\/a>&nbsp;under the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Apna_Dal\">Apna Dal<\/a>&nbsp;banner for the Allahabad (West) constituency. He filed his nomination from jail.<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Atiq_Ahmed#cite_note-27\">[27]<\/a><\/sup>&nbsp;He appealed for bail in the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Allahabad_High_Court\">Allahabad High Court<\/a>, but ten judges recused themselves from hearing his case.<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Atiq_Ahmed#cite_note-bs-8\">[8]<\/a><\/sup>&nbsp;<em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/The_Economic_Times\">The Economic Times<\/a><\/em>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<em><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/The_Times_of_India\">The Times of India<\/a><\/em>&nbsp;reported that the judges&#8217; refusals were due to Ahmed&#8217;s &#8220;terror&#8221;.<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Atiq_Ahmed#cite_note-:4-28\">[28]<\/a><\/sup><sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Atiq_Ahmed#cite_note-29\">[29]<\/a><\/sup>&nbsp;The eleventh judge released him on bail before the elections,<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Atiq_Ahmed#cite_note-bs-8\">[8]<\/a><\/sup><sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Atiq_Ahmed#cite_note-:4-28\">[28]<\/a><\/sup>&nbsp;but the election was won by&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Raju_Pal\">Raju Pal&#8217;s<\/a>&nbsp;widow,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Puja_Pal\">Puja Pal<\/a>.<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Atiq_Ahmed#cite_note-2012_Election_Results-30\">[30]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In 2014, he was taken back into the Samajwadi Party and fought the national elections for the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Shrawasti_(Lok_Sabha_constituency)\">Shrawasti<\/a>&nbsp;constituency. He secured a quarter of the votes but lost by more than 85,000 votes to&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Daddan_Mishra\">Daddan Mishra<\/a>&nbsp;of the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/BJP\">BJP<\/a>.<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Atiq_Ahmed#cite_note-31\">[31]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In 2019, Ahmed contested against&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Narendra_Modi\">Narendra Modi<\/a>&nbsp;from&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Varanasi_Lok_Sabha_constituency\">Varanasi<\/a>&nbsp;constituency as an independent candidate. But he secured only 833 votes.<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Atiq_Ahmed#cite_note-32\">[32]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Electoral_history\"><\/span>Electoral history<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Ahmed has been elected as 5 times MLA and 1 time&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Lok_Sabha\">Lok Sabha<\/a>&nbsp;MP.<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Atiq_Ahmed#cite_note-33\">[33]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><thead><tr><th>#<\/th><th>From<\/th><th>To<\/th><th>Position<\/th><th>Party<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>1.<\/td><td>1989<\/td><td>1991<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Member_of_the_Legislative_Assembly_(India)\">MLA<\/a>&nbsp;(1st term) from&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Allahabad_West_Assembly_constituency\">Allahabad West<\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Indian_politician\">IND<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>2.<\/td><td>1991<\/td><td>1993<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Member_of_the_Legislative_Assembly_(India)\">MLA<\/a>&nbsp;(2nd term) from&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Allahabad_West_Assembly_constituency\">Allahabad West<\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Indian_politician\">IND<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>3.<\/td><td>1993<\/td><td>1996<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Member_of_the_Legislative_Assembly_(India)\">MLA<\/a>&nbsp;(3rd term) from&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Allahabad_West_Assembly_constituency\">Allahabad West<\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Indian_politician\">IND<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>4.<\/td><td>1996<\/td><td>2002<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Member_of_the_Legislative_Assembly_(India)\">MLA<\/a>&nbsp;(4th term) from&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Allahabad_West_Assembly_constituency\">Allahabad West<\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Samajwadi_Party\">SP<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>5.<\/td><td>2002<\/td><td>2004<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Member_of_the_Legislative_Assembly_(India)\">MLA<\/a>&nbsp;(5th term) from&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Allahabad_West_Assembly_constituency\">Allahabad West<\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Apna_Dal_(Kamerawadi)\">Apna Dal<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>6.<\/td><td>2004<\/td><td>2009<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Member_of_Parliament,_Lok_Sabha\">MP<\/a>&nbsp;(1st term) in&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/14th_Lok_Sabha\">14th Lok Sabha<\/a>&nbsp;from&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Phulpur_Lok_Sabha_constituency\">Phulpur<\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Samajwadi_Party\">SP<\/a><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Criminal_cases\"><\/span>Criminal cases<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Introduction_to_crime\"><\/span>Introduction to crime<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Ahmed entered the world of crime by stealing coal from trains and selling it for profit. This later transformed into threatening contractors for obtaining government tenders for railway scrap metal. His first criminal record was in 1979, when he was accused of murder in Allahabad. He also became the first person to be booked under the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Goonda\">Goonda<\/a>&nbsp;Act in&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Uttar_Pradesh\">Uttar Pradesh<\/a>.<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Atiq_Ahmed#cite_note-:2-17\">[17]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In his early days, Ahmed worked closely with other notorious members of the mafia in Allahabad namely&nbsp;<em>Chand Baba.<\/em>&nbsp;After the encounter of his biggest competitor&nbsp;<em>Shaukat Ilahi<\/em>&nbsp;in 1990, Ahmed became very powerful and became known for extortion, kidnapping, and murder.<em><sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Atiq_Ahmed#cite_note-:2-17\">[17]<\/a><\/sup><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Raju_Pal_murder\"><\/span>Raju Pal murder<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>In 2004, Ahmed vacated the Allahabad West MLA seat in order to serve as an MP from&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Phulpur,_Allahabad\">Phulpur<\/a>&nbsp;as a member of SP. In his place, his younger brother Khalid Azim contested the by-elections and lost to a&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bahujan_Samaj_Party\">BSP<\/a>&nbsp;candidate, Raju Pal. In 2005, Raju Pal was shot dead and Khalid Azim was able to win the next by-elections and obtain the MLA seat.<em><sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Atiq_Ahmed#cite_note-:2-17\">[17]<\/a><\/sup><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ahmed was named and arrested as the main accused in this case but later received bail.<em><sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Atiq_Ahmed#cite_note-:3-34\">[34]<\/a><\/sup><\/em>&nbsp;Ahmed was able to hold his power in the underworld even from inside the prison.<em><sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Atiq_Ahmed#cite_note-:2-17\">[17]<\/a><\/sup><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>After&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mayawati\">Mayawati<\/a>&nbsp;gained power as the Chief Minister in the state, she mounted pressure against him. He surrendered and was arrested in 2008.<em><sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Atiq_Ahmed#cite_note-:2-17\">[17]<\/a><\/sup><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"SHUATS_assault_case\"><\/span>SHUATS assault case<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>On 14 December 2016, staff members of&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sam_Higginbottom_University_of_Agriculture,_Technology_and_Sciences\">Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences<\/a>&nbsp;were allegedly assaulted by Ahmed and his associates for taking action against two students who were barred from taking examinations after they were caught cheating. The video of Ahmed beating the SHUATS teacher and employees was widely circulated on the internet. Ahmed was arrested the following day.<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Atiq_Ahmed#cite_note-35\">[35]<\/a><\/sup>&nbsp;On 10 February 2017, the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Allahabad_High_Court\">Allahabad High Court<\/a>&nbsp;summoned the criminal history of Ahmed and also directed the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Superintendent_of_police_(India)\">Superintendent of Police<\/a>&nbsp;of Allahabad to arrest all the accused in the case. The police arrested Ahmed on 11 February after which he was remanded to 14-day judicial custody.<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Atiq_Ahmed#cite_note-36\">[36]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Umesh_Pal_abduction_and_murder\"><\/span>Umesh Pal abduction and murder<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>In 2009 , Ahmed was convicted of the kidnapping of Umesh Pal, a key witness who testified against Ahmed in the Raju Pal murder case.<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Atiq_Ahmed#cite_note-:0-12\">[12]<\/a><\/sup>&nbsp;On 24 February 2023, Umesh Pal was killed during a shooting and bomb attack.<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Atiq_Ahmed#cite_note-37\">[37]<\/a><\/sup>&nbsp;Ahmed was the main suspect accused in this murder case.<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Atiq_Ahmed#cite_note-:3-34\">[34]<\/a><\/sup><sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Atiq_Ahmed#cite_note-38\">[38]<\/a><\/sup><sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Atiq_Ahmed#cite_note-39\">[39]<\/a><\/sup><sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Atiq_Ahmed#cite_note-40\">[40]<\/a><\/sup>&nbsp;Ahmed&#8217;s brother Ashraf, son Asad, and associate Guddu Muslim, a bomb maker who allegedly threw the bomb at Umesh Pal and has been involved in previous violent crimes, were the co-accused.<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Atiq_Ahmed#cite_note-41\">[41]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ahmed was shifted from the Prayagraj Central Jail to the Sabarmati Jail in Ahmedabad in June 2019.<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Atiq_Ahmed#cite_note-42\">[42]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Death\"><\/span>Death<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>On 13 April 2023, Ahmed&#8217;s son, Asad, who was wanted in the Umesh Pal murder case, was killed in an&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Encounter_killing\">encounter<\/a>&nbsp;during action in Jhansi by the Uttar Pradesh Police&#8217;s&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Special_Task_Force_(India)\">Special Task Force<\/a>&nbsp;(STF).<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Atiq_Ahmed#cite_note-43\">[43]<\/a><\/sup><sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Atiq_Ahmed#cite_note-44\">[44]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>On 15 April 2023, while being escorted for a court-mandated medical checkup in the presence of police in&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Allahabad\">Allahabad<\/a>, Ahmed was asked about his absence during his son&#8217;s last rites, to which he replied in Hindi, &#8220;I wasn&#8217;t taken, so I didn&#8217;t go.&#8221; Before Ahmed&#8217;s brother Ashraf could complete his statement &#8220;Main thing is that Guddu Muslim&#8230;&#8221;,<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Atiq_Ahmed#cite_note-45\">[45]<\/a><\/sup>&nbsp;a pistol was fired at Atiq Ahmed&#8217;s head at point-blank range, resulting in his death. Ashraf Ahmed was also killed in the attack, which was captured and broadcast live on television. The brothers were surrounded by police personnel at the time of the shooting.<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Atiq_Ahmed#cite_note-46\">[46]<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Atiq_Ahmed#cite_note-HTq-47\">[47]<\/a><\/sup>&nbsp;The three perpetrators had posed as media personnel and did not attempt to escape after committing the murder, instead surrendering while chanting the slogan &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jai_Shri_Ram\">Jai Shri Ram<\/a>&#8220;.<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Atiq_Ahmed#cite_note-48\">[48]<\/a><\/sup>&nbsp;They were identified and arrested.<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Atiq_Ahmed#cite_note-49\">[49]<\/a><\/sup>&nbsp;Reporting on the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/First_information_report\">first information report<\/a>&nbsp;from&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Uttar_Pradesh_Police\">Uttar Pradesh Police<\/a>,&nbsp;<em>Times of India<\/em>&nbsp;reported that &#8220;the accused told police they wanted to make a name for themselves and establish their identity in the state by eliminating Ahmed&#8217;s gang.&#8221;<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Atiq_Ahmed#cite_note-50\">[50]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"From_Loksatta_about_Atiq_Ahmed\"><\/span>From Loksatta about Atiq Ahmed<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0947\u0936\u092e\u0927\u0940\u0932 \u0915\u0941\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0924 \u092e\u093e\u092b\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0906\u0923\u093f \u0924\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928\u0902\u0924\u0930 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0924 \u0906\u0932\u0947\u0932\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0905\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0939\u092e\u0926 \u0906\u0923\u093f \u0924\u094d\u092f\u093e\u091a\u093e \u092d\u093e\u090a \u0905\u0936\u0930\u092b \u0905\u0939\u092e\u0926 \u092f\u093e\u0902\u091a\u0940 \u0936\u0928\u093f\u0935\u093e\u0930\u0940 (\u0967\u096b \u090f\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093f\u0932 \u0968\u0966\u0968\u0969)\u0917\u094b\u0933\u094d\u092f\u093e \u091d\u093e\u0921\u0942\u0928 \u0939\u0924\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0923\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0924 \u0906\u0932\u0940. \u092a\u094b\u0932\u0940\u0938 \u0926\u094b\u0918\u093e\u0902\u0928\u093e\u0939\u0940 \u0935\u0948\u0926\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0940\u092f \u0924\u092a\u093e\u0938\u0923\u0940\u0938\u093e\u0920\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u093e\u0917\u0930\u093e\u091c\u092e\u0927\u0940\u0932 \u0915\u0949\u0932\u094d\u0935\u093f\u0928 \u0935\u0948\u0926\u094d\u092f\u0915\u0940\u092f \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0932\u092f\u093e\u0924 \u0918\u0947\u090a\u0928 \u091c\u093e\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0947. \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0932\u092f\u093e\u091a\u094d\u092f\u093e \u092c\u093e\u0939\u0947\u0930 \u0917\u094b\u0933\u094d\u092f\u093e \u091d\u093e\u0921\u0942\u0928 \u0926\u094b\u0918\u093e\u0902\u091a\u0940 \u0939\u0924\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0923\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0924 \u0906\u0932\u0940. \u0939\u0932\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0916\u094b\u0930 \u0939\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e\u093e\u0902\u091a\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0928\u093f\u0927\u0940 \u092c\u0928\u0942\u0928 \u0907\u0924\u0930 \u092a\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930\u093e\u0902\u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u0947 \u092e\u093f\u0938\u0933\u0942\u0928 \u0905\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0938\u092e\u094b\u0930 \u0917\u0947\u0932\u0947. \u0905\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u092c\u094b\u0932\u0924 \u0905\u0938\u0924\u093e\u0928\u093e \u0924\u0940\u0928 \u0939\u0932\u094d\u0932\u0947\u0916\u094b\u0930\u093e\u0902\u0928\u0940 \u0905\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0906\u0923\u093f \u0905\u0936\u0930\u092b\u091a\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0921\u094b\u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0924 \u0917\u094b\u0933\u094d\u092f\u093e \u091d\u093e\u0921\u0932\u094d\u092f\u093e. \u0926\u094b\u0918\u0947\u0939\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0917\u0940\u091a \u0920\u093e\u0930 \u091d\u093e\u0932\u0947.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0924\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0915\u093e\u0902\u0921\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0938\u0942\u0928 \u0905\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0939\u092e\u0926 \u0926\u0947\u0936\u092d\u0930 \u091a\u0930\u094d\u091a\u0947\u0924 \u0906\u0939\u0947. \u092a\u0930\u0902\u0924\u0941 \u0924\u094b \u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0947\u0936\u093e\u0924 \u0916\u0942\u092a \u0932\u094b\u0915\u092a\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e. \u0924\u094b \u092a\u093e\u091a\u0935\u0947\u0933\u093e \u0906\u092e\u0926\u093e\u0930 \u0906\u0923\u093f \u090f\u0915\u0926\u093e \u0916\u0938\u0926\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u094d\u0939\u0923\u0942\u0928 \u0928\u093f\u0935\u0921\u0942\u0928 \u0906\u0932\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e. \u0967\u096f\u096e\u096f \u0924\u0947 \u0968\u0966\u0966\u0968 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u0902\u0924 \u0924\u094b \u091a\u093e\u0930 \u0935\u0947\u0933\u093e \u0905\u0932\u093e\u0939\u093e\u092c\u093e\u0926 \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e \u092e\u0924\u0926\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u0918\u093e\u0924\u0942\u0928 \u0905\u092a\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0906\u092e\u0926\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u094d\u0939\u0923\u0942\u0928 \u0928\u093f\u0935\u0921\u0942\u0928 \u0906\u0932\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e. \u0968\u0966\u0966\u0968 \u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u0947 \u0924\u094b \u0938\u092e\u093e\u091c\u0935\u093e\u0926\u0940 \u092a\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091f\u0940\u091a\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940\u091f\u093e\u0935\u0930 \u092f\u093e \u092e\u0924\u0926\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u0918\u093e\u0924\u0942\u0928 \u0906\u092e\u0926\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u094d\u0939\u0923\u0942\u0928 \u0928\u093f\u0935\u0921\u0942\u0928 \u0906\u0932\u093e. \u0924\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928\u0902\u0924\u0930 \u0924\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0938\u092a\u093e\u0932\u093e \u0930\u093e\u092e\u0930\u093e\u092e \u0915\u0930\u0924 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0924\u0903\u091a\u093e \u2018\u0905\u092a\u0928\u093e \u0926\u0932\u2019 \u0928\u093e\u0935\u093e\u091a\u093e \u0928\u0935\u093e \u092a\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092a\u0928 \u0915\u0947\u0932\u093e. \u0968\u0966\u0966\u096a \u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u0947 \u0924\u094b \u092a\u0941\u0928\u094d\u0939\u093e \u090f\u0915\u0926\u093e \u092f\u093e\u091a \u092e\u0924\u0926\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u0918\u093e\u0924\u0942\u0928 \u0906\u092e\u0926\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u094d\u0939\u0923\u0942\u0928 \u0928\u093f\u0935\u0921\u0942\u0928 \u0906\u0932\u093e. \u0968\u0966\u0966\u096f \u0938\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0924\u094b \u0938\u092e\u093e\u091c\u0935\u093e\u0926\u0940 \u092a\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091f\u0940\u091a\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0924\u093f\u0915\u0940\u091f\u093e\u0935\u0930 \u092b\u0941\u0932\u092a\u0942\u0930 \u092e\u0924\u0926\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u0918\u093e\u0924\u0942\u0928 \u0916\u093e\u0938\u0926\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u094d\u0939\u0923\u0942\u0928 \u0928\u093f\u0935\u0921\u0942\u0928 \u0906\u0932\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e.<a href=\"https:\/\/www.loksatta.com\/desh-videsh\/lite\/\"><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0924\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928\u0902\u0924\u0930 \u0924\u094b \u0968\u0966\u0967\u096f \u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u0947 \u0925\u0947\u091f \u092a\u0902\u0924\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0928\u0930\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u094b\u0926\u0940\u0902\u091a\u093e \u092e\u0924\u0926\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0902\u0918 \u0905\u0938\u0932\u0947\u0932\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e\u0923\u0938\u0940\u0924\u0942\u0928 \u0932\u094b\u0915\u0938\u092d\u0947\u0938\u093e\u0920\u0940 \u0909\u092d\u093e \u0930\u093e\u0939\u093f\u0932\u093e. \u0905\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0928\u0947 \u0928\u0945\u0928\u0940 \u0938\u0947\u0902\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0932 \u091c\u0947\u0932\u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u0947 \u0905\u0938\u0924\u093e\u0928\u093e \u092e\u094b\u0926\u0940\u0902\u0935\u093f\u0930\u094b\u0927\u093e\u0924 \u0928\u093f\u0935\u0921\u0923\u0941\u0915\u0940\u091a\u093e \u0905\u0930\u094d\u091c \u0926\u093e\u0916\u0932 \u0915\u0947\u0932\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e. \u092a\u0930\u0902\u0924\u0941 \u0924\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0947\u0933\u0940 \u0905\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0932\u093e \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0933 \u096e\u0969\u0969 \u092e\u0924\u0902 \u092e\u093f\u0933\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940. \u0924\u0930 \u0928\u0930\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u094b\u0926\u0940\u0902\u0928\u093e \u0924\u092c\u094d\u092c\u0932 \u096c,\u096d\u096a,\u096c\u096c\u096a \u092e\u0924\u0902 \u092e\u093f\u0933\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940. \u0905\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0924\u0947\u0935\u094d\u0939\u093e \u092e\u094d\u0939\u0923\u093e\u0932\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0924\u093e \u0915\u0940, \u0924\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0932\u093e \u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e\u0923\u0938\u0940\u0924 \u0932\u094b\u0915\u093e\u0902\u0915\u0921\u0942\u0928 \u091a\u093e\u0902\u0917\u0932\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0938\u093e\u0926 \u092e\u093f\u0933\u0947\u0932.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0928\u093f\u0935\u0921\u0923\u0942\u0915 \u0932\u0922\u0923\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938\u093e\u0920\u0940 \u0905\u0924\u093f\u0915\u0928\u0947 \u0924\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0947\u0933\u0940 \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u0932\u092f\u093e\u0915\u0921\u0947 \u092a\u0945\u0930\u094b\u0932\u091a\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0917\u0923\u0940 \u0915\u0947\u0932\u0940 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940. \u092a\u0930\u0902\u0924\u0941 \u0924\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0917\u0923\u0940 \u0928\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092f\u093e\u0932\u092f\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u092b\u0947\u091f\u093e\u0933\u0932\u0940 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940. \u0905\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u091a\u093e\u0930\u093e\u0938\u093e\u0920\u0940 \u0924\u0941\u0930\u0941\u0902\u0917\u093e\u0924\u0942\u0928 \u092c\u093e\u0939\u0947\u0930 \u092a\u0921\u0942 \u0936\u0915\u0932\u093e \u0928\u093e\u0939\u0940. \u0924\u0930\u0940\u0926\u0947\u0916\u0940\u0932 \u0924\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0932\u093e \u096e\u0969\u0969 \u092e\u0924\u0902 \u092e\u093f\u0933\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div data-wp-interactive=\"core\/file\" class=\"wp-block-file\"><object data-wp-bind--hidden=\"!state.hasPdfPreview\" hidden class=\"wp-block-file__embed\" data=\"http:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/VOHRA-COMMITTEE-REPORT_0.pdf\" type=\"application\/pdf\" style=\"width:100%;height:600px\" aria-label=\"Embed of VOHRA-COMMITTEE-REPORT_0.\"><\/object><a id=\"wp-block-file--media-e6ceaa61-4161-4063-a0c6-46d6473739c0\" href=\"http:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/VOHRA-COMMITTEE-REPORT_0.pdf\">VOHRA-COMMITTEE-REPORT_0<\/a><a href=\"http:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/VOHRA-COMMITTEE-REPORT_0.pdf\" class=\"wp-block-file__button wp-element-button\" download aria-describedby=\"wp-block-file--media-e6ceaa61-4161-4063-a0c6-46d6473739c0\">Download<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"See_also\"><\/span>See also<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Criminalization_of_politics\">Criminalization of politics<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vohra_Report\">Vohra Report<\/a>&nbsp;on criminalisation of politics in India<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mafia_Raj\">Mafia Raj<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rent-seeking\">Rent-seeking<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mukhtar_Ansari\">Mukhtar Ansari<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vikas_Dubey\">Vikas Dubey<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0909\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0947\u0936\u091a\u0947 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0923, \u0905\u092a\u0928\u093e \u0926\u0932, \u0938\u092e\u093e\u091c\u0935\u093e\u0926\u0940 \u092a\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091f\u0940 \u0906\u0923\u093f \u0905\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0905\u0939\u092e\u0926, I-N-D-I-A &amp; NDA alliance I-N-D-I-A 1. All India Trinamool Congress (TMC)2. Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK)3. Aam Aadmi Party (AAP)4. Janata Dal (United)5. INC6. RJD7. JMM8. NCP (Sharad Pawar)9. Shiv Sena (UBT)10. SP11. Rashtriya Lok Dal12. Apna Dal (Kamerawadi)13. National conference (J&amp;K)14. PDP15. CPI16. CPI(M)17. CPI(ML)18. AIFB19&#8230;.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_kadence_starter_templates_imported_post":false,"_kad_post_transparent":"","_kad_post_title":"","_kad_post_layout":"","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"_kad_post_classname":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[14],"tags":[171],"class_list":["post-4881","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-political-science","tag-criminalisation-of-politics"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4881","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4881"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4881\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4891,"href":"https:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4881\/revisions\/4891"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4881"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4881"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4881"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}