{"id":4822,"date":"2023-07-21T08:39:50","date_gmt":"2023-07-21T03:09:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/?p=4822"},"modified":"2024-07-27T07:56:59","modified_gmt":"2024-07-27T02:26:59","slug":"fyba-semester-1-references","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/?p=4822","title":{"rendered":"Indian Political System &#8211; Introduction"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_82_2 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-light-blue ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">\u0905\u0928\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0923\u093f\u0915\u093e<\/p>\n<label for=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69f4164d3421e\" class=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-label\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\"  id=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69f4164d3421e\"  aria-label=\"Toggle\" \/><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/?p=4822\/#Political_Map_of_India\" >Political Map of India<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/?p=4822\/#India_%E2%80%93_States_Union_Territories_and_their_capitals\" >India &#8211; States, Union Territories and their capitals<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/?p=4822\/#Syllabus_valid_upto_2023-24_2024-25_onwards_%E2%80%93_click_here\" >Syllabus (valid upto 2023-24) 2024-25 onwards &#8211; click here<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/?p=4822\/#SEMESTER_I_TITLE_INDIAN_POLITICAL_SYSTEM\" >SEMESTER I TITLE: INDIAN POLITICAL SYSTEM<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/?p=4822\/#Map_Quiz\" >Map Quiz<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/?p=4822\/#Languages_in_India\" >Languages in India<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/?p=4822\/#Continents_of_the_world_%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A1\" >Continents of the world \u091c\u0917\u093e\u0924\u0940\u0932 \u0916\u0902\u0921<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/?p=4822\/#World_population_%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9A%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%96%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE\" >World population \u091c\u0917\u093e\u091a\u0940 \u0932\u094b\u0915\u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/?p=4822\/#8_Billion_lives_infinite_possibilities_%E2%80%93_the_case_for_rights_and_choices\" >8 Billion lives, infinite possibilities &#8211; the case for rights and choices<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/?p=4822\/#%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%96%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A5%AE_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AC_video\" >\u091c\u0928\u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u096e \u0905\u0930\u092c (video)<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/?p=4822\/#Aristotle_%E2%80%93_Father_of_Political_Science\" >Aristotle &#8211; Father of Political Science<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/?p=4822\/#Greek_City_States\" >Greek City States<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/?p=4822\/#A_short_video_about_Greek_City_States\" >A short video about Greek City States<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/?p=4822\/#Alexander_the_Great\" >Alexander the Great<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/?p=4822\/#Alexander_and_Pakistan\" >Alexander and Pakistan<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/?p=4822\/#Alexanders_empire\" >Alexander&#8217;s empire<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Political_Map_of_India\"><\/span>Political Map of India<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"881\" height=\"1024\" src=\"http:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/image-2-881x1024.png\" alt=\"Political Map of India\" class=\"wp-image-4823\" style=\"width:820px;height:953px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/image-2-881x1024.png 881w, https:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/image-2-258x300.png 258w, https:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/image-2-768x892.png 768w, https:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/image-2-1322x1536.png 1322w, https:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/image-2.png 1377w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 881px) 100vw, 881px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><a href=\"https:\/\/surveyofindia.gov.in\/documents\/polmap-eng-11012021.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Political Map of India &#8211; https:\/\/surveyofindia.gov.in\/documents\/polmap-eng-11012021.jpg<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"India_%E2%80%93_States_Union_Territories_and_their_capitals\"><\/span>India &#8211; States, Union Territories and their capitals<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"700\" height=\"834\" src=\"http:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/image-3.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4825\" srcset=\"https:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/image-3.png 700w, https:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/image-3-252x300.png 252w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><a href=\"https:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/?p=53\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">States, Union Territories and their capitals.  <\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Syllabus_valid_upto_2023-24_2024-25_onwards_%E2%80%93_click_here\"><\/span>Syllabus (valid upto 2023-24)<br><a href=\"https:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/?p=6853\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">2024-25 onwards &#8211; click here<\/a><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>FYBA<br>POLITICS PAPER I<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"SEMESTER_I_TITLE_INDIAN_POLITICAL_SYSTEM\"><\/span><strong>SEMESTER I TITLE: INDIAN POLITICAL SYSTEM<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>SUB-TITLE: THE CONSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK<\/strong>&nbsp;(<a href=\"https:\/\/docs.google.com\/document\/d\/1sbuoir0dKd8WJEzK1UNCz7hkJDFXmGfTG6VVSgdlJeM\/edit?usp=sharing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f\u0918\u091f\u0928\u093e \u2013 \u0915\u093e\u0939\u0940 \u091f\u093f\u092a\u0923\u0947 \u2013 Notes)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>1. INTRODUCTION TO THE CONSTITUTION (12)<\/strong><br>1.1 BRIEF HISTORY OF THE MAKING OF CONSTITUTION<br>1.2 PREMABLE<br>1.3 BASIC FEATURES<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>2. CITIZENS AND THE CONSTITUTION (11)<\/strong><br>2.1 FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS \u2013 ARTS 14 TO 19<br>2.2 FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS \u2013ARTS- 20 TO 32<br>2.3 DIRECTIVE PRINCIPLES OF STATE POLICY<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>3. LEGISLATURE AND JUDICIARY (11)<\/strong><br>3.1 PARLIAMENT<br>3.2 JUDICIAL SYSTEM \u2013 ORIGINAL AND WRIT JURISDICTION<br>3.3 JUDICIAL ACTIVISM<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>4. EXECUTIVE (11)<\/strong><br>4.1 UNION EXECUTIVE \u2013 THE PRESIDENT<br>4.2 PRIME MINISTER AND COUNCIL OF MINISTERS<br>4.3 LOCAL SELF-GOVERNMENT \u2013 73rd,74th, AMENDMENTS AND<br>THEIR IMPLEMENTATION<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>SUGGESTED READINGS:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>1. Basu, Durga Das, Introduction to the Constitution of India, Lexis Nexis, 2012.<br>2. Laxmikant, M, Indian Polity, TMH, 2015.<br>3. Laxmikant, M., Governance in India, TMH, 2015.<br>4. Pylee, M. V., An Introduction to the Constitution of India, Vikas Publishing, 2008.<br>5. Sharma, Brij Kishore, Introduction to the Constitution of India, PHI Learning, 2009.<br>6. \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0940\u0930\u0938\u093e\u0917\u0930, \u0915\u0947. \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0940., \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f\u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e, \u0935\u093f\u0926\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0936\u0928.<br>7. \u0918\u093e\u0902\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0915\u0930, \u091a\u093f\u0902. \u0917., \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f\u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f\u0918\u091f\u0928\u093e, \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092e\u0902\u0917\u0947\u0936\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0936\u0928, \u0968\u0966\u0966\u0967.<br>8. \u091c\u093e\u0927\u0935, \u0924\u0941\u0915\u093e\u0930\u093e\u092e, \u0906\u0923\u093f\u0936\u093f\u0930\u093e\u092a\u0942\u0930\u0915\u0930, \u092e\u0939\u0947\u0936, \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f\u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f\u0918\u091f\u0928\u093e\u0935\u0918\u091f\u0928\u093e\u0924\u094d\u092e\u0915\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e, \u092f\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0915\u0905\u0915\u093e\u0926\u092e\u0940, \u0968\u0966\u0967\u096a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Map_Quiz\"><\/span>Map Quiz<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/online.seterra.com\/en\/vgp\/3369?c=FE4BR\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u093e\u0924\u0940\u0932 \u0915\u093f\u0924\u0940 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f\u0947 \u0906\u0923\u093f \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0936\u093e\u0938\u093f\u0924 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0947\u0936 \u0924\u0941\u092e\u094d\u0939\u093e\u0932\u093e \u0913\u0933\u0916\u0924\u093e \u092f\u0947\u0924\u093e\u0924 \u0924\u0947 \u092a\u0939\u093e<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Languages_in_India\"><\/span>Languages in India<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/?p=4138\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Click to see the map<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Continents_of_the_world_%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A1\"><\/span>Continents of the world \u091c\u0917\u093e\u0924\u0940\u0932 \u0916\u0902\u0921<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"527\" src=\"http:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/image-4-1024x527.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4843\" srcset=\"https:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/image-4-1024x527.png 1024w, https:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/image-4-300x155.png 300w, https:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/image-4-768x396.png 768w, https:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/image-4-1536x791.png 1536w, https:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/image-4.png 2000w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/science\/continent#\/media\/1\/134805\/69323\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">World map showing 7 continents.<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"World_population_%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9A%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%96%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE\"><\/span>World population \u091c\u0917\u093e\u091a\u0940 \u0932\u094b\u0915\u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"750\" height=\"396\" src=\"http:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/Screenshot-2023-07-21-at-09.01.04.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4845\" style=\"width:750px;height:396px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/Screenshot-2023-07-21-at-09.01.04.png 750w, https:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/Screenshot-2023-07-21-at-09.01.04-300x158.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.un.org\/en\/observances\/world-population-day\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">World Population Day &#8211; 11 July<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"8_Billion_lives_infinite_possibilities_%E2%80%93_the_case_for_rights_and_choices\"><\/span>8 Billion lives, infinite possibilities &#8211; the case for rights and choices<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"8 Billion Lives, Infinite Possibilities: The case for rights and choices\" width=\"720\" height=\"405\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/yYvfaGHugQs?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%96%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A5%AE_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AC_video\"><\/span>\u091c\u0928\u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e \u096e \u0905\u0930\u092c (video)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Sansad TV Special Report - 8 Billion: Infinite Possibilities | \u091c\u0928\u0938\u0902\u0916\u094d\u092f\u093e 8 \u0905\u0930\u092c : \u0905\u0928\u0902\u0924 \u0938\u0902\u092d\u093e\u0935\u0928\u093e\u090f\u0902\" width=\"720\" height=\"405\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/jgAata5U7iU?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Aristotle_%E2%80%93_Father_of_Political_Science\"><\/span>Aristotle &#8211; Father of Political Science<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"548\" height=\"315\" src=\"http:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/image-5.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4855\" srcset=\"https:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/image-5.png 548w, https:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/image-5-300x172.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 548px) 100vw, 548px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"320\" height=\"240\" src=\"http:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/image-6.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4858\" srcset=\"https:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/image-6.png 320w, https:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/image-6-300x225.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 320px) 100vw, 320px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Greek_City_States\"><\/span>Greek City States<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/education.nationalgeographic.org\/resource\/greek-city-states\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">National Geographic Society article<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"A_short_video_about_Greek_City_States\"><\/span>A short video about Greek City States<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"How Did Greek City-States Work?\" width=\"720\" height=\"405\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/H2KmNky8SYI?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Alexander_the_Great\"><\/span><a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Alexander-the-Great\/images-videos\" target=\"_blank\">Alexander the Great<\/a><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Alexander_and_Pakistan\"><\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/video\/154920\/Alejandro-Magno-de-su-caballo-una-ciudad\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Alexander and Pakistan<\/a><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Alexanders_empire\"><\/span>Alexander&#8217;s empire<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"664\" src=\"http:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/Screenshot-2023-07-21-at-10.01.10-1024x664.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4869\" srcset=\"https:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/Screenshot-2023-07-21-at-10.01.10-1024x664.png 1024w, https:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/Screenshot-2023-07-21-at-10.01.10-300x194.png 300w, https:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/Screenshot-2023-07-21-at-10.01.10-768x498.png 768w, https:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/07\/Screenshot-2023-07-21-at-10.01.10.png 1071w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Political Map of India India &#8211; States, Union Territories and their capitals Syllabus (valid upto 2023-24)2024-25 onwards &#8211; click here FYBAPOLITICS PAPER I SEMESTER I TITLE: INDIAN POLITICAL SYSTEM SUB-TITLE: THE CONSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK&nbsp;(\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f\u0918\u091f\u0928\u093e \u2013 \u0915\u093e\u0939\u0940 \u091f\u093f\u092a\u0923\u0947 \u2013 Notes) 1. INTRODUCTION TO THE CONSTITUTION (12)1.1 BRIEF HISTORY OF THE MAKING OF CONSTITUTION1.2 PREMABLE1.3 BASIC FEATURES&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_kadence_starter_templates_imported_post":false,"_kad_post_transparent":"","_kad_post_title":"","_kad_post_layout":"","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"_kad_post_classname":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[14],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4822","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-political-science"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4822","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4822"}],"version-history":[{"count":20,"href":"https:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4822\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7077,"href":"https:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4822\/revisions\/7077"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4822"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4822"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4822"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}