{"id":127,"date":"2020-09-08T14:02:26","date_gmt":"2020-09-08T08:32:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/?p=127"},"modified":"2021-04-19T10:43:20","modified_gmt":"2021-04-19T05:13:20","slug":"brief-history-of-the-making-of-the-constitution-of-india","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/?p=127","title":{"rendered":"Indian Constitution"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f\u0918\u091f\u0928\u0947\u091a\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u0940\u0924\u0940\u091a\u093e \u0907\u0924\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0938<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Latest version of the Indian constitution<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-file\"><a href=\"http:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/COI-9-9-2020.pdf\">COI-9-9-2020<\/a><a href=\"http:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/COI-9-9-2020.pdf\" class=\"wp-block-file__button\" download>Download<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\"Link to lecture on State and types of constitution - \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0906\u0923\u093f \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f\u0918\u091f\u0928\u093e\u0902\u091a\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 (opens in a new tab)\" href=\"https:\/\/anchor.fm\/shubharaj-buwa\/episodes\/ep-ejbsds\" target=\"_blank\">Link to lecture on State and types of constitution &#8211; \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0906\u0923\u093f \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f\u0918\u091f\u0928\u093e\u0902\u091a\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\"India Code - digital repository of all central and state acts  (opens in a new tab)\" href=\"https:\/\/www.indiacode.nic.in\/\" target=\"_blank\">India Code &#8211; digital repository of all central and state acts <\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\"Interesting book. (opens in a new tab)\" href=\"https:\/\/educationdunia.in\/constitution-of-india-by-dd-basu-pdf\/\" target=\"_blank\">Interesting book.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed-youtube wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-embed-aspect-4-3 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Bharat Ek Khoj 01: Bharat Mata Ki Jai\" width=\"720\" height=\"540\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/4f6vdW91hLA?list=PL1EG23oYcaFu6SNAiofd0uco0sD0JeVji\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><figcaption>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u090f\u0915 \u0916\u094b\u091c &#8211; \u092a\u0902\u0924\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u091c\u0935\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0932\u093e\u0932 \u0928\u0947\u0939\u0930\u0942 \u092f\u093e\u0902\u091a\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0921\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0935\u0930\u0940 \u0911\u092b \u0907\u0902\u0921\u093f\u092f\u093e \u092f\u093e \u092a\u0941\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0915\u093e\u0935\u0930 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0926\u0942\u0930\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0928 \u092e\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0915\u093e<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed-youtube wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\nhttps:\/\/www.youtube.com\/playlist?list=PLYnOU1mIipdd67yw6itqibCIWjwJbOONT\n<\/div><figcaption>See all 10 parts.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f\u0936\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930 &#8211; \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u091c\u0936\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930<\/li><li>\u0936\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930 &#8211; \u0936\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u092a\u0926\u094d\u0927\u0924\u0940\u0928\u0947 \u0905\u092d\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938<ul><li>\u0930\u0938\u093e\u092f\u0928\u0936\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930 &#8211; Chemistry<\/li><li>\u091c\u0940\u0935\u0936\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930 &#8211; Biology<\/li><li>\u092a\u0926\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0935\u093f\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928 \u0936\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930 &#8211; Physics<ol><li>\u0939\u0940 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935 \u0928\u0948\u0938\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0940\u0915 \u0936\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0902\u091a\u0940 \u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923\u0947<\/li><\/ol><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>\u0938\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093e\u091a\u093e \u0905\u092d\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u0936\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u094d\u0939\u0923\u091c\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u091c\u0936\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930<ul><li>\u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f\u0936\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930 &#8211; \u0930\u093e\u091c\u0915\u0940\u092f \u0926\u0943\u0937\u094d\u091f\u0940\u0915\u094b\u0928<\/li><li>\u0938\u092e\u093e\u091c\u0936\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930 &#8211; \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u091c\u093f\u0915 \u0926\u0943\u0937\u094d\u091f\u0940\u0915\u094b\u0928<\/li><li>\u0905\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0936\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930 &#8211; \u0906\u0930\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0915 \u0926\u0943\u0937\u094d\u091f\u0940\u0915\u094b\u0928<\/li><li>\u0907\u0924\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0938 &#8211; \u0910\u0924\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0938\u093f\u0915 \u0926\u0943\u0937\u094d\u091f\u0940\u0915\u094b\u0928<\/li><\/ul><\/li><li>\u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f\u0936\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e\u091a\u093e \u0909\u0917\u092e \u0906\u0923\u093f \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938  &#8211; \u0939\u093e video \u092a\u0939\u093e.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed-youtube wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"\u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f\u0936\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930   \u092a\u0939\u093f\u0932\u0947 \u0932\u0947\u0915\u094d\u091a\u0930\" width=\"720\" height=\"405\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/7zcq9_g8f80?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f\u0918\u091f\u0928\u093e \u0915\u093f\u0902\u0935\u093e \u0938\u0902\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u094d\u0939\u0923\u091c\u0947 \u0915\u093e\u092f ?<\/li><li>\u0915\u093e\u092f\u0926\u093e \u092e\u094d\u0939\u0923\u091c\u0947 ?<ul><li>\u0932\u093f\u0916\u0940\u0924 \u0915\u093e\u092f\u0926\u093e <\/li><li>\u0905\u0932\u093f\u0916\u0940\u0924 \u0915\u093e\u092f\u0926\u093e<\/li><li>\u0939\u092e\u0941\u0930\u093e\u092c\u0940\u091a\u093e \u0915\u093e\u092f\u0926\u093e<\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"400\" height=\"300\" src=\"http:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/code-of-hammurabi-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-131\" srcset=\"https:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/code-of-hammurabi-1.jpg 400w, https:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/code-of-hammurabi-1-300x225.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><figcaption>Code of Hammurabi<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u0930\u094b\u092e\u0928\u093e\u0902\u091a\u093e \u0915\u093e\u092f\u0926\u093e<\/li><li>\u0906\u0927\u0941\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u091c\u0917\u093e\u0924\u0940\u0932 \u092a\u0939\u093f\u0932\u0940 \u0932\u093f\u0916\u0940\u0924 \u0906\u0923\u093f \u091c\u0917\u093e\u0924\u0940\u0932 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0924 \u091b\u094b\u091f\u0940 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f\u0918\u091f\u0928\u093e &#8211; \u0905\u092e\u0947\u0930\u093f\u0915\u0947\u091a\u0940 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f\u0918\u091f\u0928\u093e &#8211; \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0933 7 \u0915\u0932\u092e\u0947 &#8211; \u0916\u093e\u0932\u0940\u0932 video \u092a\u0939\u093e.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed-youtube wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-embed-aspect-4-3 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"US constitution.\" width=\"720\" height=\"540\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/wELcKO_rIMM?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Uncodified_constitution\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\"\u0905\u0932\u093f\u0916\u0940\u0924 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f\u0918\u091f\u0928\u093e (From Wikipedia) (opens in a new tab)\">\u0905\u0932\u093f\u0916\u0940\u0924 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f\u0918\u091f\u0928\u093e (From Wikipedia)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8220;An&nbsp;<strong>uncodified constitution<\/strong>&nbsp;is a type of&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Constitution\">constitution<\/a>&nbsp;where the fundamental rules often take the form of&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Custom_(law)\">customs<\/a>,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Usage\">usage<\/a>,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Precedent\">precedent<\/a>&nbsp;and a variety of&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Statute\">statutes<\/a>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Legal_instrument\">legal instruments<\/a>.<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Uncodified_constitution#cite_note-Johari-1\">[1]<\/a><\/sup>&nbsp;An understanding of the constitution is obtained through reading commentary by the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Judiciary\">judiciary<\/a>, government&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Committee\">committees<\/a>&nbsp;or&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jurist\">legal experts<\/a>. In such a constitutional system, all these elements may be (or may not be) recognized by&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Court\">courts<\/a>,&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Legislator\">legislators<\/a>&nbsp;and the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bureaucracy\">bureaucracy<\/a>&nbsp;as binding upon government and limiting its powers. Such a framework is sometimes imprecisely called an &#8220;unwritten constitution&#8221;; however, all the elements of an uncodified constitution are typically written down in a variety of official documents, though not&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Codification_(law)\">codified<\/a>&nbsp;in a single document.&#8221; <br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>An uncodified constitution has the advantages of elasticity, adaptability and resilience. A significant disadvantage, however, is that controversies may arise due to different understandings of the usages and customs that form the fundamental provisions of the constitution.<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Uncodified_constitution#cite_note-Johari-1\">[1]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A new condition or situation of government may be resolved by precedent or passing&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Legislation\">legislation<\/a>.<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Uncodified_constitution#cite_note-Johari-1\">[1]<\/a><\/sup>&nbsp;Unlike a&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Codified_constitution\">codified constitution<\/a>, there are no special procedures for making a&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Constitutional_law\">constitutional law<\/a>&nbsp;and it will not be inherently superior to other legislation. A country with an uncodified constitution lacks a specific moment where the principles of its government were deliberately decided. Instead, these are allowed to evolve according to the political and social forces arising throughout its history.<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Uncodified_constitution#cite_note-Kumar-2\">[2]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>When viewed as a whole system, the difference between a codified and uncodified constitution is one of degree. Any codified constitution will be overlaid with supplementary legislation and customary practice after a period of time.<sup><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Uncodified_constitution#cite_note-Johari-1\">[1]<\/a><\/sup><br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-file\"><a href=\"http:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Uncodified_constitution.pdf\">Uncodified_constitution<\/a><a href=\"http:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Uncodified_constitution.pdf\" class=\"wp-block-file__button\" download>Download<\/a><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f\u0918\u091f\u0928\u0947\u091a\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092e\u0940\u0924\u0940\u091a\u093e \u0907\u0924\u093f\u0939\u093e\u0938 Latest version of the Indian constitution Link to lecture on State and types of constitution &#8211; \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u0906\u0923\u093f \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f\u0918\u091f\u0928\u093e\u0902\u091a\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 India Code &#8211; digital repository of all central and state acts . Interesting book. \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f\u0936\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930 &#8211; \u090f\u0915 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u091c\u0936\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0936\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930 &#8211; \u0936\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u092a\u0926\u094d\u0927\u0924\u0940\u0928\u0947 \u0905\u092d\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0938\u0930\u0938\u093e\u092f\u0928\u0936\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930 &#8211; Chemistry\u091c\u0940\u0935\u0936\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930 &#8211; Biology\u092a\u0926\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0935\u093f\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928 \u0936\u093e\u0938\u094d\u0924\u094d\u0930 &#8211; Physics\u0939\u0940 \u0938\u0930\u094d\u0935 \u0928\u0948\u0938\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0940\u0915&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_kadence_starter_templates_imported_post":false,"_kad_post_transparent":"","_kad_post_title":"","_kad_post_layout":"","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"_kad_post_classname":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[14],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-127","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-political-science"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/127","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=127"}],"version-history":[{"count":15,"href":"https:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/127\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":198,"href":"https:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/127\/revisions\/198"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=127"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=127"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/drtktopecollege.in\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=127"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}